Chhattisgarh Health & Family Welfare Department Lab Technicians Syllabus
The comprehensive syllabus for the Chhattisgarh Health & Family Welfare Department Lab Technicians’ exam generally includes topics related to laboratory technology, medical diagnostics, and healthcare practices. Below is an outline of the syllabus:
1. Basic Laboratory Techniques
Introduction to Laboratory Technology:
- Basic principles and practices in a clinical laboratory.
Laboratory Safety:
- Guidelines for safety in the laboratory, handling of hazardous materials, and waste disposal.
Laboratory Equipment:
- Usage, maintenance, and calibration of laboratory instruments like microscopes, centrifuges, spectrophotometers, etc.
Sample Collection and Handling:
- Techniques for collecting and handling blood, urine, sputum, and other biological samples.
2. Clinical Pathology
Hematology:
- Blood composition, blood cell counts, hemoglobin estimation, blood typing, and blood smear examination.
Urinalysis:
- Physical, chemical, and microscopic examination of urine, including tests for glucose, proteins, and ketones.
Stool Examination:
- Detection of parasites, ova, and occult blood in stool samples.
Body Fluids Analysis:
- Examination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), pleural fluid, and other body fluids.
3. Biochemistry
Clinical Biochemistry:
- Analysis of blood glucose, urea, creatinine, electrolytes, liver function tests (LFTs), and lipid profiles.
Enzymology:
- Assay of enzymes like amylase, lipase, and alkaline phosphatase.
Endocrinology:
- Tests for thyroid function, insulin, cortisol, and other hormones.
Blood Gas Analysis:
- Interpretation of arterial blood gases (ABGs) for pH, pCO2, pO2, and bicarbonate levels.
4. Microbiology
Introduction to Microbiology:
- Basics of microbiology, classification, and morphology of bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites.
Sterilization and Disinfection:
- Methods of sterilization, autoclaving, and disinfection techniques.
Culture Techniques:
- Preparation of culture media, inoculation, incubation, and identification of microbial growth.
Antibiotic Sensitivity Testing:
- Methods for determining the sensitivity of microorganisms to antibiotics.
5. Histopathology
Tissue Processing:
- Fixation, embedding, sectioning, and staining of tissue samples for microscopic examination.
Histological Staining:
- Principles and techniques of routine and special stains, including Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E), PAS, and immunohistochemistry.
Cytology:
- Preparation and examination of cytology samples, including Pap smears and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC).
6. Immunology and Serology
Basic Immunology:
- Overview of the immune system, antigen-antibody reactions, and types of immunity.
Serological Tests:
- Techniques like ELISA, VDRL, Widal test, CRP, and tests for HIV, HBsAg, and other infectious diseases.
Blood Banking:
- Blood grouping, cross-matching, Rh typing, and preparation of blood components.
7. Molecular Biology
DNA/RNA Extraction:
- Techniques for isolating nucleic acids from clinical samples.
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR):
- Principles, procedure, and applications of PCR in diagnostics.
Electrophoresis:
- Techniques for separating DNA, RNA, and proteins using gel electrophoresis.
Molecular Diagnostics:
- Use of molecular methods for the detection of genetic disorders, infectious agents, and cancer markers.
8. Parasitology
Introduction to Parasitology:
- Classification and life cycles of medically important parasites.
Parasitic Infections:
- Laboratory diagnosis of malaria, filariasis, leishmaniasis, and other parasitic diseases.
Microscopic Examination:
- Identification of parasites in blood, stool, and tissue samples.
9. Virology
Introduction to Virology:
- Structure, classification, and replication of viruses.
Viral Infections:
- Laboratory diagnosis of viral infections like influenza, hepatitis, HIV, and COVID-19.
Serological and Molecular Techniques:
- Use of serological and molecular methods for virus detection.
10. Quality Control in Laboratory
Quality Assurance:
- Principles of quality control in the laboratory, internal and external quality control programs.
Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs):
- Importance of SOPs, documentation, and laboratory accreditation.
Error Management:
- Identification, analysis, and management of pre-analytical, analytical, and post-analytical errors.
11. Blood Banking and Transfusion Medicine
Blood Donation:
- Blood donor selection, blood collection, and processing.
Transfusion Reactions:
- Recognition and management of transfusion reactions.
Component Therapy:
- Preparation and use of blood components like plasma, platelets, and cryoprecipitate.
12. Laboratory Management
Laboratory Organization:
- Management of laboratory services, staffing, and workflow.
Inventory Control:
- Management of laboratory reagents, chemicals, and supplies.
Information Systems:
- Use of laboratory information systems (LIS) for data management and reporting.
